Thyroid Surgery
Thyroid Nodules
Thyroid nodules are lesions that are common in the population and mostly benign. Risk classification (TIRADS) is performed according to ultrasound features, and pathological diagnosis is made with fine-needle biopsy when necessary.
Overview
Most nodules require follow-up. Surgery is planned for nodules that cause compression symptoms, create a cosmetic problem, or have a suspicious or malignant biopsy result. In selected cases, minimally invasive methods such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) may also be used.
Who Is It For?
- Patients with complaints of neck swelling, compression, or voice change
- Those in whom a suspicious or high-risk nodule is detected on imaging
- Those with an indeterminate or suspicious result on fine-needle biopsy
- Cases with an active nodule together with signs of hyperthyroidism
Treatment Process
- 1
Pre-Assessment & Diagnosis
The diagnosis is confirmed and the stage of the disease clarified through a detailed history, physical examination and the necessary imaging and laboratory tests.
- 2
Planning & Preparation
An anaesthesia consultation, bleeding profile and review of any accompanying conditions are carried out; a multidisciplinary council decision is taken when needed.
- 3
Procedure / Operation
The procedure is performed with the technique most suitable for the patient (laparoscopic, robotic or open); tissue integrity and oncological principles are preserved.
- 4
Follow-up & Monitoring
Early mobilization, pain control and wound monitoring are provided; suture removal and a general assessment check-up are planned after discharge.
Recovery & Aftercare
If surgery is not performed, regular follow-up is carried out; if surgery is performed, a rapid recovery process is monitored along with voice and calcium follow-up.
Hospital Stay
0-2 days
Recovery Time
1-2 weeks
Follow-up
6 months to 1 year
Frequently Asked Questions
Is every nodule cancer?
No. 90 to 95% of thyroid nodules are benign. They are evaluated with risk classification and biopsy when necessary.
What is done if a nodule grows?
If there is significant growth, a change in structure, or compression symptoms, a repeat biopsy or surgery may be considered.
What is RFA (radiofrequency ablation)?
It is a minimally invasive method that shrinks a nodule in place under ultrasound guidance, used for benign, symptomatic nodules. It may be an alternative in cases that are not suitable for surgery or where a cosmetic preference exists.
If my thyroid hormone is normal, can a problem arise with the nodule under follow-up?
Even if the hormone level is normal, a change in the size or structure of the nodule can be important. Annual ultrasound follow-up is the standard approach.
The medical information on this page has been reviewed by Prof. Dr. Vahit Onur Gül. Last updated: 31 Temmuz 2026.
This information is for general guidance only and does not replace examination, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult your physician about your symptoms.
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